钻井英语术语(4)
（十四）、钻井液及完井液 drilling and completion drilling fluid
P" r" _7 l" h0 v z1 e. {钻井液 drilling fluid% }3 O# V9 V0 {$ g' c
钻井液分类 drilling fluid classification
' G# D2 O5 k5 a9 `钻井液体系 drilling fluid system
; ^/ R: ]8 z- }9 K: V, \不分散钻井液体系 non-dispersed drilling fluid system
, N% O. }) j7 f5 E0 `& H分散钻井液体系 dispersed drilling fluid system+ n' \9 d1 ]: [) \* |
钙处理钻井液体系 calcium-treated drilling system
: U1 P7 [7 D& }2 ~0 s! c: n聚合物钻井液体系 polymer drilling fluid system L' _! ~; u2 d; |0 L/ s
常规钻井液体系 conventional drilling fluid system
! R A: U% g2 t7 N! I8 ^* e5 C阳离子聚合物钻井液 cationic polymer drilling system* ]# |4 j/ ` w7 T7 r4 _
低固相钻井液体系 low-solids drilling fluid system6 k& i1 V5 i: U3 c
盐水钻井液体系 saline drilling fluid system4 I! P& p6 H; A8 }- h' l7 \- ` @! A
饱和盐水钻井液 satured saltwater drilling system
5 n# q- _- `2 Z4 J" p. L盐水钻井液 saltwater drilling fluid : ]8 y( I0 O1 G
完井及修井液体系 completion and workover fluid system
4 B( N# P- s& Y% {) B油基钻井液体系 oil-base drilling fluid system2 C" V# H2 T, O ~* O, N/ t. @3 j
反乳化钻井液体系 inverted emulsion drilling fluid
. P. n) ?# c' V! A- V& C低胶质油基钻井液 low-collodal oil-base drilling fluid - F9 K& B. g( r% ]% _7 j9 `6 z: G
气体钻井流体体系 air drilling fluid system
) W) j5 r7 ^# A/ h y干气（钻井流体）dry air drilling fluid 3 s, a. q% S5 J: g
雾化钻井流体 mist drilling fluid : j! ^( P% G8 Q; z' e! k
稳定泡沫 stable foam . X& V1 D) N* {. ?6 G9 b4 A8 l4 V' T
充气钻井液 aerated drilling fluid
; P8 v1 |+ g5 R' [1 O抑制性钻井液 inhabitive drilling fluid 1 G* u. w( @: ?- z6 X
混油钻井液 oil-bear drilling system# X* j; o% p& k2 S
开钻泥浆 spud mud
1 N5 S6 B" x/ x) t* I, V4 u1 {5 h, R钾基石灰钻井液 potassium-lime drilling fluid
* E, o" K$ u" N. a无粘土钻井液 clay-free drilling system
! w8 q, d: L' X# T6 m加重钻井液 weighted drilling fluid 3 g: z8 ^1 H O3 o
未加重钻井液 non-weighted drilling fluid
: ]% w. i) S, g: m0 ^1 O L修井液 workover drilling fluid
5 \3 A$ z2 f9 e6 ?清洁盐水 clean brine
/ ~# B4 L3 |$ C活性水 active water
8 k7 J5 h8 P$ t ^2 T' I清扫液 sweep fluid ! P8 }6 s9 }9 P& w' D* A
钻井液性能 drilling fluid propertied6 d; Q" w. }, {! t. X- k1 O$ u# m
滤失性 filtrate qalities* j" h9 o0 L8 o+ ?2 A$ V3 `/ K" o
滤失量 filtrate losss8 `' K/ p' Y2 C3 b
API 滤失量（FL） API filtrate loss$ X+ g. [1 @+ k: p& _
高温高压滤失量 HTHP filtrate loss5 ?4 x8 J( D7 b( G
动滤失量 dynamic filtrate loss% z: e" T: c( Q; h `% u& v
静滤失量 static filtrate loss( A) ?# s0 G* g% `9 R
瞬时滤失量 spurt loss
" N) R4 {( r" t+ O5 r( g3 Y滤饼 filtrate cake 8 S( D7 c( P. c |
滤饼厚度 filter cake thickness 5 P8 ~( i. L/ B. H$ K' c
滤饼强度 cake consistency& W' f/ }' m! z, r* F o/ w
内泥饼 interior cake 6 ?9 h5 T: P/ m! a9 w
泥饼摩擦系数 cake fricatinal coefficient 9 F& h3 g+ X& L
钻井滤液 drilling fluid filtrate
/ V1 U3 C, _$ [+ e( |3 [滤液钾基橙碱度 filtrate methyl orange alkalinity & w1 l5 U, K1 q H: {
滤液酚酞碱度（pf） filtrate (pf) phenolphthalein alkalinity 4 q$ S) J6 O# j5 i' T4 t& m
钻井液酚酞碱度 mud (pm) phenolphthalein alkalinity
% J8 a6 u4 Y9 ]) g7 \8 H" [钻井液粘度 drilling fluid viscosity2 r* h; B! Z, b5 A: J
漏斗粘度 funnel viscosity 0 {/ s8 }% A6 R# R' J/ \+ g4 \
剪切速率 shear rate
% l0 C( u% g) ?剪切应力 shear stress 5 |. C, n6 ~. C- R7 p4 T9 L' L
API表观粘度（AV） API apprent viscosity # h( ^$ Z/ t$ {: @8 {1 g* ^6 R
朔性粘度（PV） plastic viscosity
/ x, Y8 u+ C0 @, ]$ ]动切力（YP） yeild point * s9 _9 _! B* D
动朔比 yeild point-plastic viscosity ratio; W3 p4 B( [& ]/ c
切力 gel strength
% [( w4 P+ z0 Z, m, k初切力 initial gel strength
% ^7 M4 Z! _9 Y0 @; K( Q终切力 final gel strength+ n# J/ w( |) t! S, {; a$ e
触变性 thixotropy; _# s6 f" S% o! Y1 r" j
剪切降粘 shear thinning & e1 Y+ A' W/ k
当量循环密度 equivalent circulating density 4 p' Y# c8 a, W3 t
钻井液密度 drilling fluid density y7 l8 B" s, } H$ K
固体含量 solid content
4 k, ?$ r) a: M悬浮固体含量 suspended solid content * s7 `/ P6 U% t( n
含砂量 sand content + z9 s$ @% f+ z7 j; o
膨润土含量 bentonite content
9 ^, c0 D) Y d8 \6 K$ X含盐量 salt content 9 S, y4 V. |( z$ g6 b$ a3 j
含油量 oil content 4 {" v* i% y7 I1 v7 ~) n7 o: A
含气量 gas content 4 x$ t( d: I4 p( `8 |( @0 ?9 F
钻井液污染 drilling fluid contamination
. [. R0 D1 y& r& C' [固相污染 solid contamination / ^1 y4 e2 ]( L/ I
粘土侵 clay contaminating ) ^+ d' ~( a1 a
砂侵 sand contaminating8 Y, f2 A; z* f ?0 F
盐污染 salt contamination
: O' o/ F. {4 x: A2 i钙污染 calcium contamination
3 x+ Y/ k3 m4 j/ W/ q石灰侵 lime contaminating
2 d1 I6 D; W: H @石膏侵 gypsum contaminating2 H" n: W3 R6 S& C1 x
碳酸盐污染 carbonate contamination
, i' M6 ?/ d1 O. P T( E J" N7 B硫化氢污染 hydrgon sulfide contamination' C. {5 C2 E# t, b% N
气侵 gas contaminating
6 `, m: ]; [: _ D; m. ?- ^细菌污染 bacateria contamination
/ T: I J& W+ ]5 Z K! U3 h钻井液润滑性 drilling fluid lubricity
6 w. [3 G2 }2 t# N+ D5 z# | S钻井液电稳定性 drilling fluid stability1 R" v5 d6 N8 J! t' l
钻井液均化 drilling fluid tightening up
, s& J1 Q' a7 G- m钻井液老化 drilling fluid ageing ' e& k8 k) P" D, V/ N
固相控制 solid control, S, i; E( g7 D6 y. H" D- l
钻屑 cutting
/ k. {5 R' c' a2 y, |8 o9 W6 C; d7 b' Q砂 sand
^1 X {4 o) R; b% L0 X泥 silt . Y C$ ?7 K8 B7 z1 y% _& ?0 ~
胶体粒子 colloidal partical2 H3 k2 G5 R" f6 y
稀释法 dilution method
( o Q5 p- F8 c( j& Q6 J置换法 displacement method
; C# z, H. Z$ ^ @+ [4 {# M底流排量 bottom flow rate & Y" m# j% e. g4 ^8 j- O1 r
底流密度 bottom flow density
& Y( H2 p2 t- Q3 C4 w伞状流 spary discharge, q0 s" J) ^/ A' }! v0 t6 p! z& O
造浆率 yield
8 ~% A" p/ ^$ n! m页岩稳定指数 shale stability index % H9 |! m& H: n O+ ? n% `; B
钻井液设计 drilling fluid design
+ v) ]$ f" g; m8 m" v. V; a. E钻井液配方 drilling fluid formulation3 y' ?# E1 Z, j9 L- j( C
配浆 drilling fluid prepatation
t3 e( N. Q5 Q3 L i8 K钻井液混合设备 drilling fluid mixing equipment
5 W+ W/ A' d* Q4 J9 |) \ P/ o% Y钻井液测试设备 drilling fluid testing method and instrument/ F) k5 k2 K2 T! o/ y/ X
泥浆密度计 mud scale
# [8 E* ?) I7 T/ z; l3 }马氏漏斗 marsh funnel. T! S( h. \! k+ e: a4 J' g% ?# o
直读式旋转粘度计 direct-indicator viscometer5 d* `2 t) f0 p: c4 p/ n+ v1 @7 M
范式粘度计 Fann’s viscometer( W; R3 E' z8 r; T3 M8 C, X: R" T* j& [
范50型粘度计 Fann-50 viscometer+ U0 D" D0 h; Q% t4 Y* d V- h5 h
毛细管粘度计 capillary viscometer
$ |' H7 `. z, z# G1 U- B0 ~切力计 shearometer# t# {" m9 u4 R9 [( w& h
滤失仪 filter press
F) A3 C* G% |* I; nAPI滤失仪 API filter press$ _: ]7 }4 l K2 \5 E8 \
高温高压失水仪 HTHP filter press8 n/ |) u, a" _$ G! p- J
含砂量计 sand -content set7 l4 E1 R. L. b E
电稳定性测定仪 electical stability meter# R) m% A' m" ]% a
钻井液蒸馏器 drilling fluid retort
: z; B. S/ v# h( \# {" A0 @电阻率计 sesistivity meter
9 B' z3 _, N1 Z5 f; C6 G1 U滚子加热炉 roller oven / p# `3 W, W1 K
钻井液润滑仪 drilling fluid lbricity tester
: B7 {% m- n6 O a2 d# [钻井液处理剂 drilling fluid additives
) e* n+ ?: [0 k2 m+ aPH控制剂 pH control additives V% L4 a0 ^; B5 p( z* l0 a
杀菌剂 biocides
! Q5 L2 Y/ S: e+ s; V5 U除钙剂 calcium removers
( D/ w( Q& B: B8 y缓蚀剂 corrosion inhibitor
- |! a/ y) X4 `2 P4 A% H6 i消泡剂 dfoamers
: o$ H9 g5 T3 f; L, Q n乳化剂 emulsifiers6 F/ u/ S7 ]2 o5 X
堵漏材料 lost circulation materials+ k3 _7 L$ V: Z: D+ V% U! \
絮凝剂 flocculants+ X# }; z$ \; ^6 c
润滑剂 lubricant
5 C9 y% O! I. G4 Z降滤失剂 filtrate reducers; fluid loss reducers
% [& L- E+ z# _, e. `. C" R% b防泥包剂 balling inhibitor
) @0 ~2 r& S8 Z7 }$ a7 ^# H5 A极压润滑剂 extreme-pressure lubricant
, q9 n1 z+ X3 [& t3 Z6 ` S, D摩阻降低剂 fricition reducer2 b; p& q7 ]- k1 P
解卡剂 pipe-freeing agent3 o$ Z; A5 d( B9 F+ V/ h0 x6 g
页岩拟抑剂 shale-control agent7 s# [( \+ [& M* o8 V h7 p
表面活性剂 surfactant
6 n( z1 U: E# b" E P降粘剂 thinner/ m/ ]% E# |( e4 _
解絮剂 deflocculant
6 J3 v2 X5 v+ J$ }4 X分散剂 dispersant
% E" D/ b+ z; U& v) D4 `9 W% c增粘剂 viscosifier6 {5 P) _) L3 x3 q: M* _0 K
膨润土 bentonite. N4 d$ m9 m/ u
未处理膨润土 untreated bentonite9 V% L* @; e* [2 R$ B$ w) h
凹凸棒石 attapulgite$ V" t' }0 @! J
海泡石 sepiolite
5 L, Y# l# B* O有机土 prganophilic clay9 Z; c; z3 `2 a* M
预水化膨润土 pre-hydnated bentonite slurry" y2 b# g Z/ c3 o- f
粘土增效剂 clay extender' c9 p* e ~) B) M
增效膨润土 extended bentonite; ~( H* G; `8 W. d
高造降率般土 high yeild bentonite0 d9 V0 m; P. Y: t# y
加重材料 weighting materials& r+ P0 Q6 Q2 T/ b7 P1 n7 H0 J
温度稳定剂 temperature stabilzing agent# {- ], R5 D z, X2 o; l* ~
钻井液踪剂 drilling fluid tracer
. n2 o8 g9 l% q" }! W# {4 R1 ]钻井液常规处理 drilling fluid routine process- C- W# H3 L" T, t' t
钻井液转化处理 drilling fluid breakover process
, J# {1 ^) l; J( I% A0 `原浆 raw mud8 V' S' O" J5 s" _/ \# ~+ s9 J! i1 j
基浆 base mud ; basic mud7 \, \1 F& L: r% K. n
聚集作用 aggregation, i, X- a# y( S
聚集体 aggregate
; r ^: V8 @2 T絮凝作用 flocculation& J5 S7 [" P5 Q j0 u
絮凝物 flocculate+ n+ C% i7 b3 w% W
解絮作用 deflocculation5 X) `" ~0 ~: ]# L) D
解胶作用 peptization
6 u3 ]9 | m7 V" r A8 T& `. u聚合物 polymer% A' X* Y4 s9 T3 s+ N( s/ [7 ]
生物降解 biodegradation3 f7 L+ X1 \; k! M3 f9 T
聚电解质 polyelectrolyte. N0 \7 p6 n& N/ m( {: A% W% G
聚阴离子poly anion) y6 ~* i% \5 \6 P
聚阳离子 poly cation
9 \1 ^8 E6 b) X1 Q! l3 d两性聚电解质 amphoteric polyelectrolyte
3 @! A) ~5 D% Z8 a酸败 souring# v( P- x. a! }; n3 E- J
(十五)、油气井压力控制 well pressure control R4 ^" ?" K' A d9 }, R
钻井液柱压力 hydrostatic pressure2 I" d! S1 V, D1 J8 O
地层破裂压力 formation fracture pressure' Q/ a1 A7 B7 Q4 X+ ^! F
压力当量密度 pressure equivalent density
( N# N' D D& }地层压力检测pore pressure prediction2 L. F: z( U2 ^4 B
正常地层空隙压力趋势线 normal pore pressure trend line
3 p0 ?# A& u2 n1 K# r& G地震层速度法 seismic reflection method# {% n$ p& `2 r1 I
声波时差法 interval travel time method
5 H1 ]0 N" ~ P2 f6 n( ?% Y }机械钻速法penetration rate method5 e$ f( I5 c& J) {8 p
d指数法 d-exponent method7 ~6 @- c5 u5 H, m6 |* ?+ d* _
dc指数法（修正的d指数法） dc- exponent method
% [ R' p f9 s% j' k( B/ u标准化钻速法 normalized drilling rate method
- N9 e8 A8 y# `7 i+ L0 q u$ N ?页（泥）岩密度法 shale density method- p- V$ A: @/ |: l* \
溢流观测法 take a kick
: i7 K" U! Y* [气测录井法 gas log
% d& U4 t8 y6 n n( _氯化物检测法 chloride log
# O) R( w0 [: H5 Z0 F# c: c) r钻井液录井法 drilling fluid log& q7 J1 F8 A7 y( D
出口温度检测法 return- line temperature detection" W" N; e: X4 Q3 X: S
出口温度 flow-line temperature
6 b$ h7 A; C8 O- b7 L井底循环温度 bottom-hole circulating temperature
+ B$ g; l/ E/ N; m$ T0 D井底静止温度bottom-hole static temperature
- D# V* K+ @% y& O9 P化石资料法 paleo-information
, g) Q, ?2 c4 V) I& y) p测井检测法 wireing log
U/ N1 E! J# U5 D/ g R5 T7 {$ G地层破裂压力预报方法 fromation frature pressure prediction
2 b1 U) S2 W+ h" {* [漏失试验法 leak-off test, d ]) ?& M+ Q; F
黄氏法（黄荣樽） Huang’s method
+ d! f n& a8 X) [钻井液当量循环密度 equivalent circulating density9 F; ?. Q& s& j3 z( j
井底循环压力 bottom-hole circulating pressure
: H- Y( h8 q! `1 I$ u井底静止压力 bottom-hole static pressure% j+ C" E$ I2 v3 b% e
附加压力 trip margin6 \8 \8 R K, w1 k. |
当量深度 equivalent depth
% g( h+ o2 ^( | i' V钻柱排代量 drill string displacement
/ }5 \. |5 o$ F2 T, b激动压力 surge pressure
7 d9 ^( p4 X, g1 _抽汲压力 swab pressure4 d. ]! w" |1 [2 E6 ^& t( O5 N$ Q
气体上窜 gas channelling
0 H( d5 b4 c( k! S% A5 F溢流、井涌 kick1 T/ J/ d9 T3 l U: X' T& z; n1 K
甲烷溢流 methane kick
8 Q# @" L; W% S' k. k6 P1 P, a硫化氢溢流 hydrogen sulfide kick3 ?) G9 x, ]2 N3 T) m
预警时间 warning time# E7 o% I! ^) d# l
井喷 well blowout
/ D" L) u5 U2 Q1 L' O* @$ E9 {4 A! U+ f地下井喷 underground blowout
( m: v6 |3 ~) w W8 z4 M井喷失控 out-of-control blowout, Z" U x _4 e- N; G
循环池液体增量 pit gain( |6 x U- T" v! Q* `8 ]9 @
压力过渡带 pressure transition zone" F+ z4 i9 d0 o. \# g
压井 well killing1 J) g. U H. @/ {
关井 shut-in- z2 {! m- d$ b: g
硬关井“hard”shut-in
5 d6 i! ~" G! ?* h+ b& z4 L软关井“soft”shut-in( {* T' Y. q* O7 |4 t# `% B
压井方法 kill method: j- R7 j+ Y, U, V
工程师法（等候加重法） engineerˊs method
# ~% W1 p" j" T y司钻法（二次循环法）drillingˊs method
) |' {7 v' S# A' O6 ^8 ^2 K边加重边循环 concurrent method
6 }5 D4 G# o# ^, E9 D3 s2 G* E空井压井 top kill(volumetric)
6 Q4 |+ w/ ^* O. J置换式压井法 displacement method
; m' D; ^% A }0 a, [反循环压井 reserve circulate to kill5 d" C" K- r$ h' ~9 I/ b
戴帽子压井法 hatting kill well method, I; \2 [9 \5 X. {7 @& o5 ~; Z* ]
下封隔器压井 killing by bottomhole packer" J* f! f( o+ Z, `
节流循环 circulating by adjustable choke$ c: i. T; D( c9 \3 a% z& l
防喷设备和工具 blowout control equipment and devices
! v8 \/ ]. O7 Z3 ]: c. N: H/ b防溢管 bell nipple! N# S. J/ s2 e; E( Q' S8 q
钻井液流量计 drilling fluid flowmeter
6 l( c( B+ F! Z7 v6 F泵冲数计 pump-stroke counter1 W- @5 n) w' e* b% Q1 U
真空除气器 vacuum type degasser
2 K, s3 w0 h" z/ k硫化氢检测仪 hydrogen sulfide detector& E+ h: k3 ?6 e. L; b
灌钻井液灌 trip tank w8 s0 _* w( e1 n P" p
井喷失控的处理 out-of-control blowout solutions# I3 Z, @3 {7 P1 }1 v. x
抢装井口 installing control equipment at well head
0 M, @1 {( @ I$ V6 ~扣装法抢装井口wellhead buckling-up-installing
6 h6 @! H2 P$ ~5 I翻转法抢装井口 wellhead turning-up-installing
$ c f, I: ^' [' I) W* T整体吊装法抢装井口 entire wellhead installing4 r) \* S7 O# e! u; l1 c% g
换井口套管 leaking casing replacement
/ [0 \/ g& w9 A( z! I# ]! b) _油气井灭火方法 oil well fire extinguishing. P6 B# o) y x+ w% k
喷射水流灭火法 jet extinguishing method& ^: Z% V- K% |6 w6 x5 e9 m
爆炸灭火法 explosive extinguishing method0 \- y6 Y5 k V7 _+ ?5 X) f- A2 g
化学灭火法 chemical agent extinguishing method/ E7 o! o7 A8 J; J3 A: j
空气灭火法 pressurized air extinguishing method
