钻井英语术语(5)
（十七）固井与完井 well cementing and completion
' {3 X0 g) `, N( \7 k油井水泥 oil well cement $ v( \( p8 j! Y0 R' ]8 `9 w* z
硅酸盐水泥 portland cement + L9 Z% y4 B O; I8 H4 M3 j
API水泥 API cement
6 T; g! M4 y$ s+ W; JAPI水泥分级 API cement classification
, ~. c# @8 x7 x) R0 l基本水泥 basic cement
+ ]' n) n; M" I. _9 `抗硫酸盐水泥 sulfate-resisitent cement . i' D3 Y, I% Z& M' d4 j
净水泥 neat cement
3 u7 q- F l7 B* X3 q$ m水硬性水泥 hydraulic cement 8 B' S t' ?6 F. k0 d
火山灰水泥 pozzonaic cement % V# n7 H( |; C5 _% v5 f3 F
高铝水泥 high-alumina cement
! c2 C, Z% t" l$ ?! r6 ]: N, ~改性水泥 modified cement
* y( C0 {2 w( p; I早强水泥 high early strength cement 6 k# n; u) r# e2 q/ h8 q
促凝水泥 accerate cement 7 }3 n2 ?; W3 c) Y
石膏水泥 gypsum cement ; t, ]* v1 z! A) v5 @( A3 I
缓凝水泥 slow set cement
" M8 h+ _7 M) i& A膨胀水泥 expansive cement 6 F6 B, K9 Y' D0 K( [$ w; U8 X
高寒水泥 freaze-protect cement
$ j. `( `. h) z+ y高温水泥 high temperature cement ' s6 s- M: r: k3 b- X
高密度水泥 high density cement 9 D; P; O) h8 ] C9 H
低密度水泥 low density cement
" m6 S" C, t% c1 ^0 E. P充填水泥 filler cement 2 { N# l8 ]6 J
飞灰水泥 fly asher cement
0 j7 ^* z5 d; J5 d2 ]0 J胶质水泥 gel strength 4 c2 ]* e- S# _. d6 ^) v% l
微珠水泥 microsphere cement
. x5 l# c' V5 n' f% v5 h9 v) Z泡末水泥浆 foamed slurry 6 Q _4 W9 R) N- A _) d1 T
触变水泥 thixotropic cement
/ z J1 M* r/ E, |) i纤维水泥 fiber cement
4 E8 B. Q7 ~( C; P0 G树脂水泥 rasin cement
+ e* a q. x# X C柴油水泥浆 diesel-oil cement
& m6 \- o5 r! T抗盐水泥 salting-resising cement . y2 H- R* `% g! K8 U$ S
饱和盐水水泥浆 salt satured slurry
7 U# l* Q. M" m. w, e+ e乳胶水泥（浆） latex cement
; V' Z4 d' m# ?$ U! V, Q$ |" u小棵粒水泥 small particle cement $ o9 m) v+ N, i! D$ l
微硅水泥 micro-silica cement 6 \- C7 N- a( |; o. y
发气水泥 compressible cement
, K& P& Z. i" u0 P# {3 T非渗透性水泥 inpermeable cement & a' J& @* v% f6 H
酸溶性水泥 acid soluable cement
8 V: R1 v7 S# v9 f E& O$ V, j放射性水泥 radiocative cement
6 H4 Z; M' Z$ b, `导电水泥 conductive cement 5 I! F" y7 [4 O4 W
油井水泥性能 oil well cement properties
1 ` `( d: K; c% W氧化物 oxides) g. G' X+ f) |# G. S# [
水灰比 water cement ratio
" d, n2 j/ T6 b# c& Q$ b安定性 soundness
# X5 i+ }0 R$ U4 b& x6 T细度 fineness
: D/ y! _+ x: S5 Z3 E' o游离水 free water ) l* M H; S3 [4 j1 \
水泥浆密度 slurry density* E1 M' F2 N4 z1 p
抗压强度 suondness
5 s; ` s$ t; i初凝 initial set ' \% P7 L; ]; x! W* ^
终凝 final set
7 B9 E2 D$ ^4 L+ N+ {凝结时间 setting time
5 C; t3 V$ E2 V假凝 false set 5 c6 F+ W/ ^( A" E9 P G6 r6 p( K
瞬凝 flash set . K/ R2 k; C% C& A* ]
水化热 hydration heat 5 ]( x: w2 L4 m$ v6 F3 I) y* y
水化水 hydration water ( P( h0 }/ g* U0 n P& X* J$ p
最大用水量 maximum water $ M3 i6 ?$ u: \ L* Q
最小用水量 minimum water 8 w( b, R4 A. g# ^3 E
正常用水量 normal water
! c! G( g3 q7 S, P" j T5 \配浆率 slurry yield / N' a- _5 v. R) K9 B
养护 curing " w' c. y0 L: G1 o }/ n7 t
常压养护 cure at atomosphric pressure
e1 }) N9 J& V8 A加压养护 pressure cure 6 w% y$ h% \8 ]# y# v
初始稠度 initial viscosity ( a. z( T7 ^9 v7 y
稠化时间 thickening time
, f: o! W; q6 v5 w& f水泥强度 cement strength
: n+ a" I/ f* m K0 B: c水泥渗透性 permeability of cement stone
. ?3 b/ J) ^5 \水泥浆失水量 cement slurry filtration
8 G9 Q, _, A$ e$ j1 o. K5 \" h* J动失水量 dynamic fluid loss
D9 E- b3 I7 ?6 T脱水 dehydration3 e6 x3 D, l, u3 u' C
水泥外加剂 cement addicative
( W Z8 _. |& v) g2 c促凝剂 accelater
( N8 j) A% i1 @1 p2 K1 l6 {+ z; v缓凝剂 retarder% R/ Y- d* |" P# H# U& G4 M
减阻剂 friction reducer1 I/ W- Q5 r( j: O, o
减轻剂 density reducing additive ) h( U7 L! `4 K5 j7 Q
降失水剂 fluid loss control agent
d& l) N( M- K- H4 w防污染剂 mud decontaminant ( l- ]+ q) r R1 Y) k4 q' q
放射性示踪剂 radioactive tracer & |* S8 R2 g- l* ]1 z
胶凝剂 gelling agent6 H4 ]$ Y) B* j- F/ g$ Y
防冻剂 non-freezing agent
) |: \# a2 b, k& E" }充填剂 extender: \! g2 U* l7 @
泡沫稳定剂 foam stabilizer
+ v) N: S2 d3 C& o7 m热稳剂 thermal stabilizing agent
% {' c4 k# k" u2 r) L, H& O3 k飞灰 fly ash
9 ~# @, g' o% C8 P! v固井 well cementing
4 N! @4 m, [' U6 U固井设计 cementing design
) R* w" F( w p" T) y) K" ^固井工艺 cementing techniques) e2 A1 W: {: p& _
尾管固井 liner cementing
; U$ F |2 l& |# n近平衡压力注水泥 rheology-balanced pressure cementing . b# S! u" R, w/ R1 O
注水泥方法 cementing method
+ f" I! F6 E! M- S4 f7 T常规注水泥法 converional primary cementing 9 {8 _+ s& t% H" j
双级注水泥法 two stage cementing
. w6 A( j3 Y8 P" C- {5 c内管法注水泥 inner string cement
# f4 g) V& X& l. _4 ?管外注水泥 anular cementing
* A) q S% Z' W; Q6 }反循环注水泥 reverse circulating cementing 2 @2 A# B3 U7 m2 P7 z7 j
延迟注水泥 delayed set cementing # n3 J+ ]! S4 t* T# H+ C/ d! p3 ]
回堵注水泥 plug-cement cementing
; M1 g+ g3 c. D( q: @8 ?双凝水泥浆 separable setting slurry
% g3 N$ z. K3 `7 @1 s; n! F水泥返深 depth of cement fill top 6 B& A. E7 V# R9 a
注水泥塞 cementing plug
# O& N; q2 e' O5 ^* P+ V Z平衡法注水泥塞 balanced plug method 2 |/ }9 O8 g2 l9 d3 Y; r @. V
倾筒法注水泥塞 dump bailer method) g4 K6 m$ g/ _! A* j
挤水泥 squeeze cementing1 R5 t5 }, j8 ^6 [! j! E) i
井口挤水泥法 bradenhead squeeze method
. V+ f3 e4 a* T7 V封隔器挤水泥法 packer squeeze method
- { {% h& \7 z3 \+ }高压挤水泥法 high-pressure squeeze cementing method# z+ y( `# |. z4 k. z
低压挤水泥法 low- pressure squeeze cementing method# P+ I1 x r7 K; [; P c
间歇挤水泥hesitation squeeze
7 n; U1 d6 ~5 m间歇挤水泥法' f7 \# A5 N* ^, f6 ? o; k
套管柱下部结构 casing accessories& p; L: I9 }; r9 x3 j
引鞋 guide shoe7 K* X6 d0 `* g7 X9 U
套管鞋 casing shoe
8 ^" W9 j% |) p- y" Y# x* {浮鞋 float collar7 W0 Z4 g/ ?2 }2 l) ?$ Z/ Y7 @
浮箍 float collar
! ~4 f2 j, z3 f0 c J. b! ]4 H, Z套管承托环（阻流环）cement baffle collar# e2 E } r+ n& T5 a0 n# m% n2 J
套管附件 casing hardware# I `5 |: s6 Z
泥饼刷 scratcher
7 [. Z. N$ \4 c9 P; g% v7 w$ U钢性扶正器 rigid centralizer
+ x7 d b! n3 v1 B起动力 starting force6 o! _3 @. r& B% b; B9 j
复位力 restoring force3 [( n% P' q' L, R+ A
套管偏心距 stand-off, q# t9 g; M4 `* g0 N) y2 m
偏心环空窄边间隙 narrow side of casing stand-off# s5 v6 J1 k" ]8 t
套管许可偏心距 allowable casing stand-off1 w$ @% D, `2 k" C' C: z5 Q
固井工具 cementing tool: Q9 u* w/ o4 V: v1 E1 @8 W
套管吊卡 casing elevator
0 | Y- M2 W- @/ y3 s! W套管卡盘 casing spider# ^- i% a) j( t. `& J
联顶节 top connecting collar0 y+ [7 [& a$ d a1 ]9 p
循环接头 circulating head
- h8 f, k" T! j3 r旋转短节 swivel sub
6 e c M: j# f" p8 n' u水泥头 cementing head1 i* ^7 v s# T9 Z) J
旋转水泥头 cementing head with swivel; top-drive cementing manifold8 y. x1 a: U' d" [6 w
水泥伞 cementing basket& C# t2 J) ?1 W! S0 A! `
胶塞 rubber plug. T# y. n8 Z+ B
尾管悬挂器 liner hanger+ A U, o4 }% O+ y6 y
钻杆胶塞 pump down plug
+ }& e. S" _' J7 t, C尾管刮塞 liner-wiper plug5 P. P( S$ O q& E& S c# Q" r
座落接箍 landing collar
, y8 q- ?& t4 _" |; J座环 tie-back sleeve
) ~! \' v h" {- S回缩距 relaxation shortening length
+ n6 P; ~' c: F/ V, ^% E3 M送入钻柱 run in string5 X2 H2 R( w, W4 f, S/ f4 w
重叠段 overlapping interval between liner and existing casing& T2 s7 i8 p9 X; i( j+ V
分级注水泥接箍 stage-cementer;D.V.tool
( O7 h! o# f, n7 C2 K7 z% L第一级柔性塞 first stage flexible plug9 ] R: b$ |( ^0 b! W! u7 }
开启塞 opening plug
, D2 S' {2 k, Q5 o* s1 e关闭塞 closing plug
4 D/ h- l) [, V6 K. F; }低压分配器 low pressure distributor
& t, `& u7 `3 l1 W% I5 s高压分配器 delivery manifold T! ]7 w; U& ?
通径规 drift diameter gauge
( z4 L1 {& O- X通径 drift diameter
8 d( s0 E7 e6 {0 u0 w! z; D套管外封隔器 external casing packer
U+ u6 L8 {+ [$ |缓冲液 buffer fluid) d% y: a P# ^4 \
前置液 ahead fluid; washes
6 C. o4 Y9 N, m8 G隔离液 spacer! l/ i% A' s* e! O- p' P
水泥浆 slurry
8 R2 ^0 V3 q9 Q领浆 lead slurry
6 R3 l# u% p0 h4 o- z5 A7 C# `尾浆 tail slurry. ~- E7 w4 E1 ]( W- l" \
后置液 tail fluid( b: N; [( B& j/ V
反冲洗 back flush- p3 ~- Z: h; V$ g" ^
桥塞 brige plug
0 i' F \/ `1 Z“U”型管效应 U-tube effct j$ F1 q% L! }; V
水泥浆失重 static cement slury loses;its initial hydrostatic gradient+ J4 W1 f# z' g- a
水泥干混 dry cement mixing+ K+ [0 H- x8 r) z% o( A
二次混浆 batch mixing! p# g. F8 S) Y
水泥附加系数additional factor of excess cement slurry# Q, K3 I" [' f* M
替浆压缩系数compressibility of dsplacing fluid
8 g4 P7 g* t1 Y/ q可泵性 pumpability' J0 w1 t* R7 H, L
水泥浆流变性 slurry rheological behavoir
+ v* J# x! r1 g# P注水泥流变设计 rheological design of cementing
6 Q0 }! o5 `7 u! ?3 g U紊流顶替 turbulent flow displacement/ g' g- D; u, R# L J& F
模式选择系数 coefficient of model selection. ?' Y4 J" e0 y* d7 N
接触时间 contact time: `, N/ f1 r$ {6 z4 I
碰压 pressure build up; plug bump" M$ l3 A( E% y7 P/ o o1 u
蹩压候凝 pressurized casing annular cement until cement set P" Q8 P" v- ], ]& X5 b, c, q0 v6 Q
泄压候凝 release internal casing pressure until cement set9 r, O2 M4 O' u
候凝期 WOC(waiting on cement), X6 [8 k2 r( U
水泥环 cement sheath
+ r. k7 F T3 m9 K7 W顶替效率 displacement efficiency- F5 T1 w* R( u4 R
微间隙 microannulus5 i% X W4 z! g: ^
窜槽 channeling. R5 b$ C, s0 _$ ^
水泥塞超高 cement plug surplus0 W$ C# S7 C2 r3 K% |7 k
替空 over-displacement
' R/ D5 _! H( o# d {9 F- w5 V1 \注水泥时间 cementing time% W' h [' _- r/ G$ }+ K. g
油层固井合格率 pay zone cementation success percentage3 j. j! m. ?# x
套管 casing
' B1 o+ R7 u( f焊接套管 electric-welded casing
; j' ]0 ]0 }+ ~) ~+ }& t无缝套管 seamless casing; a8 H6 Y4 A. W& w
无接箍套管 integral joint casing
. k5 P6 g( S2 n3 e高强度套管 high-strength casing
0 v, [7 M9 h% r3 W限定屈服强度套管 limited yield strength casing
/ t- J) r# ]+ A3 I( y套管程序 casing program
2 I* M+ `( z& T0 i9 t1 ^表层套管 surface casing
' a/ p3 m4 I6 \5 T* s技术套管 intermediate casing) Z" ^4 I" U. w2 u7 B9 V: O" X
生产套管（油层套管） production casing
" O e; N" |' m4 c% I5 s套管柱 casing string
* l# x2 i5 P' N' L( i: G尾管 liner
1 m$ ?* s A/ e: ?2 `- W钻井尾管 drilling liner
4 J n& @+ x2 \2 N" p生产尾管 production liner" R1 m" q: A+ j, ^2 @" l" A8 ~
短回接尾管 scab tie-back liner
7 l) t, F! O# z) Y6 T; y筛管 screen2 Y* M; ~% E8 K1 s) @
接箍 coupling% P7 S X; U5 P
套管接箍 casing coupling
: \% t2 Q. u+ F, V% O7 y8 E& ?& F3 |异螺纹接箍 combination coupling: ^. ^& S. T$ b$ P
异径接箍 adapter coupling; cross-over swage
% {. z9 i7 P7 ]/ a套管护丝 casing thread protector; h" [0 \1 J! I" ?
磁性定位短节 magnetic locator sub; casing collar locator( U1 V7 |$ q/ ]& n. l
套管短节 casing nipple" ?1 ^' q5 g- Y# }: c- l5 {
套管头 casing head
/ \) m% j! C4 G) }( d( ~7 {9 P套管鞋深度（套管下深） casing shoe setting depth5 n/ d: S; U/ @
套管柱长度 casing shoe setting depth1 L) X! P6 C6 r7 q( [1 g1 l
自由套管 free pipe! y) C3 }+ w& P% O/ u& D! Y8 q8 k
下套管 casing running
6 U( Q! S0 g" k6 P1 [% U( Y" g8 l' |活动套管 casing movement-reciprocation VS.rotation# ?5 [1 b: D' z1 K
人工井底 artificial hole bottom
_$ ?8 ^& z! q4 l0 r预应力 preset stress
; p U. ^+ t% A井口套管装定方法 casing-landing procedures;
0 _' ?+ E- O- ]2 y/ G套管公称质量 nominal casing weight, |4 o3 [, P" T1 s L' m m
套管公称外径 nominal casing outside diameter9 i5 i$ S! T- ?" S( W6 o- e
套管特性 casing properties
. T' z4 o, V9 W% {5 ~$ [" Z% Y套管拉伸破坏 casing fail under tension5 N' m+ E/ |" ?6 f ~
套管挤压破坏 casing fail by collaps. T' w' O7 |0 j) h; v% N
套管内压破坏 casing fail by bursting
G, q( Q z2 @# E" u2 y4 @1 Q套管外载荷 external casing load
2 J3 N. O0 T* {$ k套管内压力 casing burst pressure1 r4 R' B# e1 {7 l3 f' X
套管外挤压力casing collapse pressure1 u4 H& s R2 i# Q1 s2 ?
套管轴向压力 casing axial load
* u# p# p$ F/ _- G# M套管强度 casing strength/ p' c7 u& H# ?# t4 P( |) h* `3 \0 N, Z
抗挤强度 collapse strength w' o. K6 l8 E
抗拉强度 tensile strength5 `8 w6 ?2 S' ~2 o( u8 f3 p, g
抗内压强度 burst (or internal yield) strength! X% W1 K, [6 @6 G" a6 B0 r
安全系数 safety factor
7 X S7 K$ G0 U4 k7 p6 A+ S# w抗拉安全系数 tensile-strength safety factor, ]% x) Q& w# g! u Y. O
抗挤安全系数 collapse resistance safety factor8 z, j% N) ?% }" e9 l7 @ q
抗内压安全系数 brst-strength safety factor
& x- K8 r$ p( F' [9 r* T( }- i; z. h套管强度设计 casing strength design; casing mechanical disign
9 h( p, d7 r3 u- W- t& E% J: N$ z最大载荷套管强度设计 maximum load casing design
2 t. ^/ ^6 f6 B: S2 w3 g+ O地层支撑液柱压力梯度 formation seepporting hydrostatic pressure gradient
2 y0 S! v: Y/ p$ w漏失面深度 fluid level after lost circulation
2 p( O; X N% _* T" l( A- B, M有效抗挤强度及有效抗内压强度 effective collapse strength and burst strength
& A1 W% f: i' x# q最大允许关井压力 maximum allowable shut-in pressure9 L" w, \7 x5 ~9 x$ u: d; n
合成内压载荷 resltant burst load
% U2 F% L: X# u& Q7 V6 A合成外挤载荷 resultant collapse load( m9 F# B+ l8 i
固井仪器及装备 cementing instrument and equipment' W6 \5 p& L) Z! U8 d/ `2 J( f
恒速搅拌器 constant speed mixer
4 C4 v% o- y$ k o$ f稠度仪 consistometer
$ s8 k+ N+ H& ^$ ~! `* P0 @水泥渗透仪 cement permeability measuring device
5 N# x2 ~4 O$ c抗压强度测试仪 compressive strength tester& M/ }( Y9 j% F) p) X% U
搅拌型失水仪 stirring water los cell
/ i0 a( o! {7 h% d; x. _( P) w7 o5 t橇装注水泥装置 skid-mounted cementing unit+ P( T6 D# M; c; p
固井质量评价 cementing quality evaluation
0 ]! ~1 _% a) i9 X/ e井温测井 temperature log# A. J1 i( C8 r6 h1 G7 u8 u6 P$ n% b
水泥胶结测井（CBL）cement bond log(CBL). }8 @( b& c' W, F& q
变密度测井（VDL） ariable density log8 ~( L g; U& d6 l
噪声测井 noise log" J4 L+ ~+ e; i9 i: F
加压测井 pressurized log$ H, l8 [/ X7 H" x0 M
水泥评价仪 cement evaluation tool (CET)
% s1 \0 @/ s' @5 g5 t9 m" n排空测试 draw-down test
# S6 U, b0 u8 C0 h4 ~) }: @耐压测试 casing leakage test i& \# y: {% _3 b! @: y
完井方法 well completion method
3 W: n) @4 G1 j F先期裸眼完井 initial open hole completion" a& b. T5 X1 |; X$ T
后期裸眼完井 final open hole completion
: L- I% `) T6 A# y射孔完井 perforated completion
- m! W1 Y* {, Q2 {1 C8 D无油管完井 tubingless completion5 T6 ]; q, L. f' l
贯眼完井 slotted pipe completion
$ _6 o3 W( X4 J. p: f: C8 d7 C1 W5 B衬管完井 slotted liner completion4 K ]3 O) S% F8 H6 }
砾石充填完井 gravel pack completion
